Setting up a maintenance schedule
Determining when to perform maintenance Automating preventative maintenance Preventative maintenance schedule
Determining when to perform maintenance
You need to carry out some types of preventative maintenance more often than others. The frequency of preventative maintenance may depend on:
  • how much each type of equipment is used
  • the environment in which the equipment is used or stored
  • problems identified as part of the Problem Management process.
A typical school network will always have a number of occurrences of equipment failure. These necessarily take precedence over routine maintenance activities. Keeping a plan of maintenance tasks will allow you to reschedule those activities that have to be delayed.
The other issue facing a preventative maintenance programme is simply remembering to do the tasks. It is one thing to decide that the read/write heads on floppy disks need cleaning every six months, but how will you remember when the six months are up? One way to address this issue is through the use of a preventative maintenance schedule, which will remind you of when perform key maintenance activities. Some software preventative maintenance activities can also be automated.

Automating preventative maintenance
There are software-related preventative maintenance activities that can be automated. By using system tools that automatically run programs at a specific time, you can set up your system to perform various software checks and maintenance activities without having to remember to do them yourself. Most modern operating systems either have this capability built in, or support third-party software packages that will do it for you. Of course, you cannot perform hardware- related maintenance such as cleaning or adjustments automatically.
The following is a list of activities that can be set to run automatically:
  • checking the file system for errors
  • checking all hard disks for read errors
  • scanning all hard disks and files for viruses
  • defragmentation of all hard disk volumes.

Preventative maintenance schedule
A preventative maintenance schedule can take many forms. There are commercial software programs available that will allow you to schedule and track your maintenance activities. The simplest method, however, is a chart that shows various maintenance activities and how often they should be done., These allow you to set up a calendar so that you remember to do your maintenance tasks. Once you have set up a schedule, you can translate it to actual dates to help you remember when to perform various preventative maintenance activities.
Software procedures, which often should be performed daily, are best done using some sort of automated program scheduler.  For tasks you perform at longer intervals, you can simply mark the activity down on a  calendar. If you have appointment book software, you can put reminders for the key maintenance tasks.
When setting up a maintenance plan it is important not to make the schedule too aggressive, otherwise maintenance becomes tiresome and it is likely that none will get done.
As many maintenance activities require you to open up a computer, it may be helpful to have an annual ‘clean the computer day’. This allows you to keep your workstations running at top form without having to open them up several times a year.

The frequency of maintenance tasks is determined in part by the prevailing conditions of the PC itself and the environment in which it is kept. For example, if the PC is subject to constant abuse or vandalism, then you will need to make the cleaning routine more frequent.

Sample schedule
The sample schedule below for maintenance of a PC is organised by recommended frequency. The right-hand column is for those activities that can normally be set to run automatically using a program scheduler.
Preventative maintenance activity
Recommended frequency
Automatic
Scan hard disk file systems for errors
Weekly
Yes
Scan for viruses
Weekly
Yes
Clean CRT screen
Weekly
No
Defragment hard disks
Weekly
Yes
Scan for hard disk read errors
Weekly
Yes
Clean mouse
Monthly
No
Check for full hard disk volumes and remove unnecessary files
Monthly
No
Update virus definition files
Monthly
Sometimes
Check that power protection devices are still protecting the system
Quarterly
No
Check power supply fan for ventilation and dirt build-up; clean if necessary
Quarterly
No
Update emergency boot floppies
Quarterly
No
Clean floppy disk-drive internals and read/write heads
Quarterly (depending on use)
No
Check processor temperature; inspect heat sink and fan to ensure that they are working
Annually (or whenever case is opened)
No
Check hard disk for temperature and vibration
Annually (or whenever case is opened)
No
Back up CMOS information
Annually
No
Clean exterior of case
Annually
No
Clean exterior of monitor
Annually
No
Check and clean interior, motherboard and expansion cards if necessary
Annually
No
Check internal connections and cables
Annually
No
Clean keyboard
Annually
No